Rabu, 30 Januari 2019

Published 13.45 by with 0 comment

Tertukarnya antara Adjektiva dan Adverbia Bahasa Inggris

  Tertukarnya antara Adjektiva dan Adverbia Bahasa Inggris


bahasa inggris, belajar bahasa inggris, belajar adjektiva bahasa inggris, belajar adverbia bahasa inggris, belajar adjektiva dan adverbia bahasa inggris


Antara adjektiva dan adverbia sering tertukar-tukar penggunaannya oleh pebelajar Bahasa Inggris. Perlu diketahui oleh pebelajar Bahasa Inggris bahwa tipe yang paling umum dari masalah bentuk kata melibatkan penggunaan adverbia sebagai pengganti adjektiva atau adjektiva sebagai pengganti adverbia. Beberapa hal perlu untuk diingat:

Adjektiva menerangkan nomina, frasa nomina, gerund, dan pronomina.

Hang up your wet clothes. [adjektiva menerangkan nomina clothes]
The two children were kind. [adjektiva menerangkan frasa nomina the two children.]
We saw some wonderful acting in the play. [adjektiva menerangkan gerund acting.]
            They were very brave. [adjektiva menerangkan pronomina they]

Catatan:

  • Adjektiva umumnya berada antara determiner dan nomina [the old bucket].
  • Banyak adjektiva tidak memiliki bentuk khusus, tetapi morfem derivasi tertentu digabung dengan adjektiva, seperti morfem derivasi –able (likeable), -ish (greenish), -ful (thoughtful), dan –y (lazy).
  • Adjektiva tertentu memiliki morfem infleksi untuk bentuk komparatif dan superlatif, seperti happy, happier, happiest.
  • Sebagai modifier nomina, adjektiva selalu mendahului nomina yang mereka terangkan:
an important test                     several people
a queit evening                        five golden rings
a long article                           that dreadful old man
an awful noise                         the special, deep-dish, Chicago-style pizza
  • Sebagai adjektiva predikat, adjektiva mengikuti be atau linking verb lainnya dan menerangkan subyek:
The glass was empty. [empty menerangkan subyek the glass]
The play was terrific. [terrific menerangkan subyek the play]
That song sounds nice.
The crust turned brown.
Please remain calm.
She said the film sounded interesting.
He became angry at the very thought.
  •          Adjektiva sering menjawab pertanyaan What kind?
She is a brilliant scholar. [What kind of a scholar is she? A brilliant one.]





Adverbia menerangkan banyak macam kata, termasuk verba, partisipel, adjektiva, dan adverbia yang lain.

Ann eagerly accepted the challenge. [adverbia menerangkan verba accepted.]
It was a rapidly changing situation. [adverbia menerangkan present participle changing.]
She wore a brightly colored scarf. [adverbia menerangkan past participle colored.]
Ted seemed extremely curious about that topic. [adverbia menerangkan adjektiva curious.]
The accident occurred incredibly quickly. [adverbia menerangkan adverbia quickly.]

Catatan:
  • Kadang-kadang adverbia digunakan di awal kalimat, biasanya diikuti oleh koma. Adverbia ini menerangkan keseluruhan kalimat daripada kata tunggal dalam kalimat tersebut.
            Generally, I like my classes.
            Fortunately, they arrived home before too much damage had been done. 
            Usually, Professor Mashadi's lectures are more interesting than the one he gave today.
  • Adverbia cara dibentuk dengan menambahkan akhiran -ly ke adjektiva deskriptif (atau -ally jika adjektivanya berakhir dengan huruf -c)
quick                -->  quickly
neat                   -->  neatly
awkward           -->  awkwardly
comfortable      -->  comfortably
comic                -->  comically

-ic, -ical adjectives

Beberapa adjektiva yang berakhir dalam –ic memiliki bentuk alternatif –ical. Adverbia yang dibentuk dari adjektiva ini berakhir dalam –ically.

alphabetic        alphabetical                             alphabetically
geometric         geometrical                              geometrically
historic             historical                                  histirically
geographic       geographical                            geographically
syntactic          syntactical                                syntactically
economic         economical (different meaning)   economically
philosophic      philosophical                           philosophically
hysteric            hysterical                                 hysterically

Adjektiva itu yang tidak memiliki bentuk –ical alternatif juga mengambil akhiran –ically untuk bentuk adverbianya.

basic                basically                      Perkecualian:   public (adjektiva)
hygienic           hygienically                                         publicly (adverbia)
artistic              artistically
poetic               poetically
sympathetic     sympathetically
emphatic          emphatically                    
  •  Adverbia cara menjawab pertanyaan How?
Ms. Lang treats her employees honestly. (How does she treat her employees? Honestly.)
  • Beberapa adjektiva dan adverbia memiliki bentuk yang sama, seperti fast, hard, high, much, right, straight, late, dan well.
            Charles bought a fast car. [adjektiva fast menerangkan nomina car]
He was driving so fast that he got a speeding ticket. [adverbia fast menerangkan verba driving]
It’s a small car that doesn’t use much fuel. [adjektiva much menerangkan nomina fuel.]
The exam was much easier than I had expected. [adverbia much menerangkan adjektiva easier.]
Rosie wore a long straight skirt and a long sleeved sweater. [adjektiva straight menerangkan nomina skirt.]
The car was coming straight at me. [adverbia straight menerangkan verba coming.]
Draw a straight line and then continue to make a box. [adjektiva straight menerangkan nomina line.]
He barely paused before jumping straight into the water. [adverbia straight menerangkan verba jumping.]
I’m not feeling very well today. [adjektiva well menerangkan subyek I; feeling sebagai linking verb dan well sebagai adjektiva predikat.]
            Shake the can well before opening. [adverbia well menerangkan verba shake.]
  • Well adalah bentuk adverbia yang tak beraturan dari adjektiva good. [good, well --> better --> the best]
               Juan is an exceptionally good student. [adjektiva]
               He did very well on the last test. [adverbia]

INCORRECT   Several people arrived too lately to be admitted to the performance.
    CORRECT   Several people arrived too late to be admitted to the performance.
INCORRECT  The horse ran fastly enough to win the race.
       CORRECT   The horse ran fast enough to win the race.
INCORRECT   The architect worked hardly to finish his drawings by the next day.
    CORRECT   The architect worked hard to finish his drawings by the next day.
INCORRECT  The eagle soared highly into the air.
       CORRECT   The eagle soared high into the air.
   INCORRECT  The keys were rightly here a minute ago.
       CORRECT  The keys were right here a minute ago.

Di samping masalah adjektiva/adverbia, ada banyak masalah bentuk kata yang lain. Beberapa contoh diberikan di sini:

Corn played an important role in the cultural of the Indians of the Southwest.
(Nomina culture, tidak adjektiva cultural, diperlukan.)
The galaxy Andromeda is the most distance object visible to observers in the Northern Hemsphere.
(Adjektiva distant diperlukan sebagai pengganti distance.)
Scientists belief that the continents once formed a single continent surrounded by an enormous sea.
(Verba believe diperlukan sebagai pengganti nomina belief.)
Bunsen burners are used to hot materials in a chemistry lab.
(Adjektiva hot digunakan secara salah sebagai pengganti verba heat.)

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Sabtu, 26 Januari 2019

Published 11.16 by with 0 comment

Membetulkan Paragraf Bahasa Inggris 3

Menemukan dan Membetulkan Kesalahan dalam Paragraf Bahasa Inggris


paragraf bahasa inggris, belajar paragraf bahasa inggris, belajar bahasa inggris tentang paragraf, membetulkan paragraf bahasa inggris, membetulkan kesalahan dalam paragraf bahasa inggris


Paragraf Bahasa Inggris 3

1Both of the author and the lecturor discuss about the same sociological study. 2The study about online education. 3The author takes the positive point of view. 4One of his points, he citing that in study statistics shows that high percent of students think online course very affective. 5The lecturor concentrates in negative point. 6He says even though students think affective, a higher percent of students in online course dropping out of class before finish then in “face-to-face” (f2f) class.7He says students in online classes don’t like study alone and feel isolation. 8But author says maybe changes in technology in future will solve some of todays problems with online classes. 9I agree that there are more advantages to “f2f” classes and I would rather take this kind of class.


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Kalimat 1: Both of the author and the lecturor discuss about the same sociological study.

Masalah:
Both of the author and the lecturor seharusnya  Both  the author and the lecturer (both selalu berpasangan dengan and dan salah dalam pemilihan kata lecturor)

Kalimat 2: The study about online education.

Masalah:
The study about online education seharusnya The study is about online education (agar menjadi kalimat harus ada to be)

Kalimat 3: The author takes the positive point of view.
 
Masalah: nil (nihil)

Kalimat 4: One of his points, he citing that in study statistics shows that high percent of students think online course very affective.

Masalah:
he citing seharusnya he cites (salah dalam penggunaan verba)
in study statistics seharusnya in statistics study (tatanan kata terbalik)
high percent of students think seharusnya a high percent of students thinks (kurang artikel dan verbanya disesuaikan)
very affective seharusnya very effective (salah dalam pemilihan kata)

Kalimat 5: The lecturor concentrates in negative point.

Masalah:
The lecturor seharusnya The lecturer  (salah dalam pemilihan kata)
concentrates in seharusnya concentrates on (salah dalam pemakaian preposisi)

Kalimat 6: He says even though students think affective, a higher percent of students in online course dropping out of class before finish then in “face-to-face” (f2f) class.

Masalah:
students think affective seharusnya students think it effective (perlu kehadiran obyek dan salah dalam pemilihan kata)
dropping out of class seharusnya drops out of class (salah dalam penggunaan verba)
before finish seharusnya before they finish (perlu kehadiran subyek)
then in “face-to-face” (f2f) class seharusnya than in “face-to-face” (f2f) class (salah dalam pemilihan kata)

Kalimat 7: He says students in online classes don’t like study alone and feel isolation.

Masalah:
don’t like study alone seharusnya don’t like to study alone (setelah verba “like” diikuti bentuk gerund atau infinitif)
and feel isolation seharusnya and feel isolated (linking verb “feel” diikuti adjektiva)

Kalimat 8: But author says maybe changes in technology in future will solve some of todays problems with online classes.

Masalah:
in future seharusnya in the future (bentuk nomina diperlukan)
todays problems seharusnya today problems (sebagai adjektiva tanpa “s”)

Kalimat 9: I agree that there are more advantages to “f2f” classes and I would rather take this kind of class.
Masalah: nil (nihil)


Berikut paragraf yang sudah dibetulkan.

Paragraf Bahasa Inggris 3

1Both the author and the lecturer discuss about the same sociological study. 2The study is about online education. 3The author takes the positive point of view. 4One of his points, he cites that in statistics study shows that a high percent of students thinks online course very effective. 5The lecturer concentrates on negative point. 6He says even though students think it effective, a higher percent of students in online course drops out of class before they finish than in “face-to-face” (f2f) class.7He says students in online classes don’t like to study alone and feel isolated. 8But author says maybe changes in technology in the future will solve some of today problems with online classes. 9I agree that there are more advantages to “f2f” classes and I would rather take this kind of class.


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Senin, 21 Januari 2019

Published 15.40 by with 0 comment

Membetulkan Paragraf Bahasa Inggris 2

Menemukan dan Membetulkan Kesalahan dalam Paragraf Bahasa Inggris


paragraf bahasa inggris, belajar paragraf bahasa inggris, belajar bahasa inggris tentang paragraf, membetulkan paragraf bahasa inggris, membetulkan kesalahan dalam paragraf bahasa inggris, belajar bahasa inggris


Paragraf Bahasa Inggris 2

1The speaker says that no many animals can capture the attentions of both young or old people like a dinosaur. 2One of the most well-known dinosaurs is the animal we used to call as the “brontosaur.” 3Everyone familiar with this dinosaur. 4It has appearing in museums, movies, advertisements, even in cartons such like The Flintstones. 5But in recently, this animal has other name. 6It is now called as the brontosaur.” 7The author of the article that we read is not agree with this concept. 8He says is not scientific or fair to name this creature as a brontosaur. 9In 1877 a scientist who’s name was Marsh found the bones of a dinosaur and he named it as apatosaurus. 10In 1879 another scientist who’s name was Cope found the bones of a dinosaur. 11He has believed it was a difference species and called it a brontosaur but later was learned that these two animals were same. 12A international commission for naming animals has rules that say the name given for the first animal to discover is name that should use. 13Therefore the name apatosaurus is really correct.


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Video tentang Modifier Bahasa Inggris

Kalimat 1: The speaker says that no many animals can capture the attentions of both young or old people like a dinosaur.

Masalah:
both young or old people seharusnya both young and old people (yang benar both … and … dan bukan both … or …)

Kalimat 2: One of the most well-known dinosaurs is the animal we used to call as the “brontosaur.”

Masalah: nil (nihil)

Kalimat 3: Everyone familiar with this dinosaur.

Masalah:
Everyone familiar with seharusnya Everyone is familiar with (supaya menjadi kalimat harus ada to be)

Kalimat 4: It has appearing in museums, movies, advertisements, even in cartons such like The Flintstones

Masalah:
It has appearing seharusnya It has appeared (diperlukan verb-3)
such like The Flintstones seharusnya  such as The Flintstones (salah milih pasangan kata: “such as” bukan “such like”)

Kalimat 5: But in recently, this animal has other name.

Masalah:
But in recently seharusnya But recently (kelebihan kata “in”)

Kalimat 6: It is now called as the brontosaur.”

Masalah: nil (nihil)

Kalimat 7: The author of the article that we read is not agree with this concept.

Masalah:
that we read is not agree with this concept seharusnya that we have read does not agree with  (present perpect harus hadir dan salah pemakaian kata bantu)

Kalimat 8: He says is not scientific or fair to name this creature as a brontosaur.

Masalah:
He says is not scientific seharusnya He says it is not scientific (penghilangan subyek)

Kalimat 9: In 1877 a scientist who’s name was Marsh found the bones of a dinosaur and he named it as apatosaurus

Masalah:
who’s name seharusnya whose name (salah pemakaian kata “whose” atau “who’s”)

Kalimat 10: In 1879 another scientist who’s name was Cope found the bones of a dinosaur.

Masalah:
who’s name seharusnya whose name (salah pemakaian kata “whose” atau “who’s”)

Kalimat 11: He has believed it was a difference species and called it a brontosaur but later was learned that these two animals were same.

Masalah:
a difference species seharusnya a different species (yang diperlukan adjektiva untuk menerangkan species, untuk “species” antara bentuk tunggal dan jamak sama)
but later was learned seharusnya but later it was learned (penghilangan subyek)
these two animals were same seharusnya these two animals were the same (adjektiva yang mewakili nomina)

Kalimat 12: A international commission for naming animals has rules that say the name given for the first animal to discover is name that should use.
Masalah:
A international commission seharusnya An International Commission (pilihan artikel salah dan nama lembaga diawali huruf besar)
is name that should use seharusnya is name that should be used (diperlukan bentuk pasif)

Kalimat 13: Therefore the name apatosaurus is really correct.

Masalah:
Therefore the name apatosaurus is really correct seharusnya Therefore, the name apatosaurus is really correct (kurang koma)


Berikut paragraf yang telah dibetulkan.

Paragraf Bahasa Inggris 2

1The speaker says that no many animals can capture the attentions of both young and old people like a dinosaur. 2One of the most well-known dinosaurs is the animal we used to call as the “brontosaur.” 3Everyone is familiar with this dinosaur. 4It has appeared in museums, movies, advertisements, even in cartons such as The Flintstones. 5But recently, this animal has other name. 6It is now called as the brontosaur.” 7The author of the article that we have read does not agree with this concept. 8He says it is not scientific or fair to name this creature as a brontosaur. 9In 1877 a scientist whose name was Marsh found the bones of a dinosaur and he named it as apatosaurus. 10In 1879 another scientist whose name was Cope found the bones of a dinosaur. 11He has believed it was a different species and called it a brontosaur but later it was learned that these two animals were the same. 12An International Commission for naming animals has rules that say the name given for the first animal to discover is name that should be used. 13Therefore, the name apatosaurus is really correct.


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