Senin, 23 Mei 2016

Published 16.08 by with 0 comment

The candidate for whom I voted . . . atau The candidate I voted for . . .?

Belajar Bahasa Inggris: Relative Pronouns as Objects of Prepositions



belajar bahasa inggris pronomina relatif sebagai obyek preposisi, belajar bahasa inggris relative pronouns as objects of prepositions, belajar bahasa inggris pronomina relatif sebagai obyek preposisi pola formal, belajar bahasa inggris pronomina relatif sebagai obyek preposisi pola informal, belajar bahasa inggris relative pronouns as objects of prepositions in the formal pattern, belajar bahasa inggris relative pronouns as objects of prepositions in the informal pattern, pronomina relatif sebagai obyek preposisi jadi bahasan belajar bahasa inggris




'There is the person he spoke to' sounds much better, and less pedantic, than 'There is the person to whom he spoke'.

There is the person to whom I spoke --> Jenis restriktif formal
There is the person I spoke to --> Jenis restriktif informal



pedantic = giving too much importance to details and formal rules
                  (suka menonjolkan keilmuannya)


Belajar Bahasa Inggris dengan materi klausa relatif masih berlanjut. Kali ini kita akan membahas pronomina relatif sebagai obyek dari preposisi.

Belajar Bahasa Inggris tentang Relative Pronouns as Objects of Prepositions


Pronomina relatif mungkin sebagai obyek dari preposisi dalam klausanya sendiri. Klausa relatif ini dibentuk dalam dua cara, cara formal dan cara informal. Klausa ini mungkin salah satu restriktif atau nonrestriktif.

Pronomina relatif sebagai obyek preposisi pola formal
Formula:

                        when
preposition +                 + subject + verb + complement
                        which

Contoh kalimat Bahasa Inggris:

The person to whom I mailed the letter never received it.

Pronomina relatif sebagai obyek preposisi pola informal
Formula:

whom
which  + subject + verb + complement + preposition
that
0

Contoh kalimat Bahasa Inggris:

The person whom I mailed the letter to never received it.

Dalam pola formal, preposisi hadir sebelum pronomina relatif. Dalam pola informal, preposisi muncul pada akhir klausa.

Dalam contoh-contoh berikut, perhatikan bagaimana kalimat a dan b digabung untuk membuat kalimat baru yang mengandung klausa relatif. Obyek dari preposisi dalam kalimat b, yang berubah ke pronomina relatif, dicoret mendatar. Kalimat c adalah formal, dan kalimat-kalimat dalam d adalah informal. Amati bagaimana that digunakan hanya pola informal klausa restriktif; ia boleh juga dihilangkan.

RELATIVE PRONOUNS FOR HUMANS
Restrictive: whom, that, 0
1. a. The candidate lost the election.
   b. I voted for the candidate.
   c. The candidate for whom I voted lost the election. (formal)
   d. The candidate whom I voted for lost the election. (informal)
      The candidate that I voted for lost the election.
      The candidate 0 I voted for lost the election.

Nonrestrictive: whom
2. a. Mayor Pyle lost the election.
   b. I voted for Mayor Pyle.
   c. Mayor Pyle, for whom I voted, lost the election. (formal)
   d. Mayor Pyle, whom I voted for, lost the election. (informal)

RELATIVE PRONOUNS FOR NONHUMANS/THINGS
Restrictive: which, that, 0
3. a. No one had read the book.
   b. He quoted from the book.
   c. No one had read the book from which he quoted. (formal)
   d. No one had read the book which he quoted from. (informal)
      No one had read the book that he quoted from.
      No one had read the book 0 he quoted from.

Nonrestrictive: which
4. a. The position of office manager had already filled.
   b. He applied for the position of office manager.
   c. The position of office manager, for which he applied, had already filled.


Belajar Bahasa Inggris sampai pada sesi Latihan

PRACTICE: Relative Pronouns as Objects of Prepositions
PERINTAH:
Change the second sentence in each pair to a relative clause, and combine it with the first sentence. The prepositional phrase that you should change is underlined. Write each new sentence twice: once in the formal pattern and once in an informal pattern.

1. Finding reasonably priced housing in big cities is a problem. Many young people are concerned about the problem.
   Formal pattern: ____________________________________________________________________
   Informal pattern: _________________________________________________________________________________
2. Affordable apartments are scarce. Young people would like to live in them.
   Formal pattern: _________________________________________________________________________________
   Informal pattern: _________________________________________________________________________________
3. Of course, many young people share apartments, but they have to choose roommates carefully. They will share living space and expanses with these roommates.
   Formal pattern: __________________________________________________________________________________
   Informal pattern: __________________________________________________________________________________
4. Living with people can be stressful, but it can also be fun. You are not related to the people.
   Formal pattern: __________________________________________________________________________________
   Informal pattern: __________________________________________________________________________________
5. In many countries, young people continue to live with their parents in the same house. They grew up in that house.
   Formal pattern: __________________________________________________________________________________
   Informal pattern: __________________________________________________________________________________
6. In the United States, young people don't want to live with their parents. They typically declare their independence from their parents at age eighteen.
   Formal pattern: __________________________________________________________________________________
   Informal pattern: __________________________________________________________________________________

Setelah membaca ulasan ini Anda punya rujukan apakah Anda akan menggunakan klausa relatif jenis restriktif formal atau restriktif informal.
--> Jika Anda menggunakan jenis restriktif formal, Anda akan mengatakan: The candidate for whom I voted lost the election. (Anda menonjolkan keilmuannya)
--> Jika Anda menggunakan jenis restriktif informal, Anda akan mengatakan: The candidate I voted for lost the election. (Terdengar lebih baik dan Anda tidak menonjolkan keilmuannya)

Sesi belajar Bahasa Inggris dengan ulasan 'Relative Pronouns as Objects of Prepositions' kita sudahi sampai di sini dulu. Ojo lali menyimak ulasan belajar Bahasa Inggris berikutnya.

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Selasa, 17 Mei 2016

Published 14.37 by with 0 comment

Pengganti Kata Posesif Bahasa Inggris: Whose atau Of which

Belajar Bahasa Inggris: Possessive Relative Clauses


belajar possessive relative clauses bahasa inggris, belajar klausa relatif posesif bahasa inggris, pengganti kata posesif bahasa inggris whose atau of which, belajar bahasa inggris klausa relatif posesif pola subyek, belajar bahasa inggris possessive relative clauses subject pattern, belajar bahasa inggris klausa relatif posesif pola obyek, possessive relative clauses jadi bahasan belajar bahasa inggris, possessive relative clauses object pattern




Klausa relatif dengan pronomina relatif sebagai subyek dan obyek sudah kita bahas dan dalam sesi belajar Bahasa Inggris kali ini kita akan membahas klausa relatif posesif (Possessive Relative Clauses).

Dalam klausa ini, yang menunjukkan kepemilikan (possession), pronomina relatif whose menggantikan kata posesif seperti Mary's, his, our, their, the company's, atau its. Klausa relatif posesif dapat mengikuti pola subyek atau obyek, dan mereka boleh restriktif atau nonrestriktif.

Belajar Bahasa Inggris Possessive Relative Clauses - Subject Pattern

Pola Subyek. Pola subyek klausa posesif dibentuk sebagai berikut:

     whose + noun    + verb + complement

Contoh kalimat Bahasa Inggris:
Princess Diana, whose life ended in a Paris car crash, was the most photographed woman in the world.

Dalam contoh-contoh berikut, perhatikan bagaimana kalimat a dan b digabung untuk membentuk kalimat c, yang mengandung klausa relatif posesif dalam pola subyek. Kata posesif dalam kalimat b, yang berubah ke whose, dicoret mendatar.

POSSESSIVE RELATIVE PRONOUNS FOR HUMANS AND NONHUMANS/THINGS
Restrictive: whose
1. a. Opportunities for college graduates are on the upswing.
   b. College graduates' degrees are in computer engineering.
   c. Opportunities for college graduates whose degrees are in computer engineering are on the upswing.

Nonrestrictive: whose
2. a. Santa Claus is the symbol of Christmas gift-giving.
   b. His portly figure appears everywhere during the Christmas season.
   c. Santa Claus, whose portly figure appears everywhere during the Christmas season, is symbol of Christmas gift-giving.

Catatan:
Beberapa guru merasa bahwa whose mungkin hanya digunakan untuk merujuk kepada manusia. Untuk bukan manusia, mereka merekomendasikan menggunakan of which. Bandingkan: I returned the book whose cover was torn. I returned the book, the cover of which was torn. Guru yang lain mersa bahwa whose bisa diterima dalam segalanya tetapi tulisan sangat formal.

Belajar Bahasa Inggris memasuki sesi Latihan

PRACTICE: Possessive Relative Clauses - Subject Pattern
PERINTAH:
Combine the two sentences in each pair to make a new sentence containing a possessive relative clause in the subject pattern. Follow these steps:

STEP 1: Find a possessive expression in the second sentence and change it to whose.
STEP 2: Combine the two sentences, placing the new relative clause as close to its antecedent as possible.
STEP 3: Add commas if the relative clause is nonrestrictive.

1. Securities Corporation's president is a man. His expertise on financial matters is well known.
   _________________________________________________________________________________
2. First National Bank tries to attract female customers. The bank's president is a woman.
   _________________________________________________________________________________
3. Companies conduct market research to discover trends among consumers. Consumers' tastes change rapidly.
   _________________________________________________________________________________
4. A manufacturer can offer lower prices. Its costs are lower because of mass production.
   _________________________________________________________________________________

on the upswing: increasing
portly: comfortably fat
expertise: skill, knowledge


Belajar Bahasa Inggris Possessive Relative Clauses - Object Pattern

Pola Obyek. Pola obyek klausa posesif dibentuk sebagai berikut:

     whose + noun   + subject + verb + complement

Contoh kalimat Bahasa Inggris:
Maya Angelou, whose poetry we have been reading in our English class, is one of America's most famous female poets.

Dalam contoh-contoh berikut, perhatikan bagaimana kalimat a dan b digabung untuk membuat kalimat c, yang mengandung klausa relatif posesif dalam pola obyek. Kata posesif dalam kalimat b, yang berubah ke whose, dicoret mendatar.

POSSESSIVE RELATIVE PRONOUNS FRO HUMANS AND NONHUMANS/THINGS
Restrictive: whose
1. a. The citizens could do nothing.
   b. The government had confiscated their property.
   c. The citizens whose property the government had confiscated could do nothing.

Nonrestrictive: whose
2. a. Consumer Reports magazine publishes comparative evaluations of all kinds of products.
   b. Shoppers trust the magazine's research.
   c. Consumer Reports, whose research shoppers trust, publishes comparative evaluations of all kinds of products.

Belajar Bahasa Inggris sampai pada sesi Latihan

PRACTICE: Possessive Relative Clauses - Object pattern
PERINTAH:
Combine the two sentences in each pair to make a new sentence containing a possessive relative clause in the object pattern. Follow these steps:

STEP 1: Find a possessive expression in the second sentence and change it to whose. Move the whose + noun phrase to the beginning of the clause.
STEP 2: Combine the two sentences, placing the new relative clause as close to its antecedent as possible.
STEP 3: Add commas if the relative clause is nonrestrictive.

1. Princess Diana was mourned by rich and poor people alike.The whole world watched her funeral on television.
   ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________
2. William Shakespeare lived and wrote 400 years ago. High school students struggle to understand his English.
   ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________
3. Nike is a sporting goods company. Most people recognize the company's "swoosh" symbol.
   ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________
4. The actress has starred in several successful films. I can't remember her name.
   ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________

confiscated: taken by government authority

Belajar Bahasa Inggris tentang Klausa Relatif Posesif telah kita ulas bersama. Apakah ulasan tersebut bermanfaat? Apakah kemampuan Bahasa Inggris Anda semakin tercerahkan? Kami berharap demikian. Jadilah pembelajar Bahasa Inggris yang cakap menggunakan klausa relatif posesif agar Anda tidak merasa kesulitan dalam menulis dan bercakap dalam Bahasa Inggris.

Sesi belajar Bahasa Inggris dengan ulasan klausa relatif posesif kita sudahi sampai di sini dulu. Ojo lali menyimak ulasan belajar Bahasa Inggris berikutnya.

Follow Twitter Saya: @baryzin

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Sabtu, 14 Mei 2016

Published 07.46 by with 0 comment

Belajar Bahasa Inggris Klausa Relatif Pola Obyek

Belajar Bahasa Inggris tentang Relative Pronouns as Objects


belajar bahasa inggris pronomina relatif sebagai obyek, belajar bahasa inggris klausa relatif pola obyek, belajar bahasa inggris tentang pronomina relatif sebagai obyek, belajar bahasa inggris membahas pronomina relatif sebagai obyek, belajar reative clauses bahasa inggris, belajar bahasa inggris relative pronouns for humans, relative pronouns as objects jadi bahasan belajar bahasa inggris, belajar bahasa inggris relative pronouns for nonhumans or things, belajar bahasa inggris relative clauses in the object pattern




Dalam sesi belajar Bahasa Inggris sebelumnya kita telah mengulas klausa relatif dengan pronomina relatif sebagai subyek. Dalam sesi belajar Bahasa Inggris kali ini kita masih akan membahas materi klausa relatif.

Ada jenis klausa relatif yang berbeda. Dalam setiap jenis yang berbeda, pronomina relatif memiliki fungsi yang berbeda. Ia mungkin sebagai subyek atau obyek dalam klausanya sendiri.

Belajar Bahasa Inggris tentang Relative Pronouns as Objects

Pronomina relatif mungkin sebagai obyek dalam klausanya sendiri. Klausa relatif pola obyek dibentuk sebagai berikut:

     whom
     which  + subject  + verb  + complement
     that
     0

Contoh kalimat Bahasa Inggris:
   The address that he gave me was incorrect.

Dalam contoh-contoh berikut, perhatikan bagaimana kalimat a dan b digabung untuk membentuk kalimat c, yang mengandung klausa relatif pola obyek. Obyek dalam kalimat b, yang berubah ke pronomina relatif, dicoret mendatar. Simak bagaimana that digunakan hanya dalam klausa restriktif dan mungkin dihilangkan sepenuhnya dalam klausa pola obyek.

RELATIVE PRONOUNS FOR HUMANS
Restrictive: whom, that, 0
1. a. The professor is chair of the English Department.
   b. You should see the professor.
   c. The professor whom you should see is chair of the English Department. (Formal)
      The professor that you should see is chair of the English Department. (Informal)
      The professor you should see is chair of the English Department.

Nonrestrictive: whom
2. a. Dr. White is an ecologist.
   b. You met Dr. White in my office.
   c. Dr. White, whom you met in my office, is an ecologist.

RELATIVE PRONOUNS FOR NONHUMANS/THINGS
Restrictive: that, 0
3. a, The book was written in German.
   b. The professor translated the book.
   c. The book that the professor translated was written in German.
      The book the professor translated was written in German.

Nonrestrictive: which
4. a. Environmental science is one of the most popular courses in the college.
   b. Dr. White teaches environmental science.
   c. Environmental science, which Dr. White teaches, is one of the most popular courses in the college.

Video berikut mungkin bisa melengkapi materi tulisan ini. Semoga.

Belajar Bahasa Inggris sampai pada sesi Latihan

PRACTICE: Relative Pronouns as Objects
PERINTAH:
Combine the two sentences in each pair to make a new sentence containing a relative clause in the object pattern. Follow these steps:

STEP 1: Change the object in the second sentence to a relative pronoun. Use whom, which, that, or no pronoun as appropriate. Move the relative pronoun to the beginning of its clause.
STEP 2: Combine the two sentences, placing the new relative clause as close to its antecedent as possible.
STEP 3: Add commas if the relative clause is nonrestrictive or non-defining.

1. Albert Einstein was a high school dropout. The world recognizes him as a genius.
   ________________________________________________________________________________
2. As a young boy, Einstein had trouble in elementary and high school. He attended these schools in Germany.
   ________________________________________________________________________________
3. He did poorly in subjects. He disliked them.
   ________________________________________________________________________________
4. The only subjects were mathematics and physics. He loved them.
   ________________________________________________________________________________
5. He developed theories. We use theories to help us understand the nature of the universe.
   ________________________________________________________________________________
6. Einstein is best known for his General Theory of Relatively. He begun to develop this theory while living in Switzerland.
   ________________________________________________________________________________

Setelah membaca ulasan ini semoga Anda menjadi pembelajar Bahasa Inggris yang cakap menggunakan klausa relatif dengan pronomina relatif sebagai obyek.

Sesi belajar Bahasa Inggris dengan ulasan klausa relatif dengan pronomina relatif sebagai obyek kita sudahi sampai di sini dulu. Ojo lali menyimak ulasan belajar Bahasa Inggris berikutnya.

Follow Twitter Saya: @baryzin
Fans Page Saya: @EnglishKito

0 = no relative pronoun


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Rabu, 11 Mei 2016

Published 16.27 by with 0 comment

Belajar Bahasa Inggris Klausa Relatif Pola Subyek

Belajar Bahasa Inggris: Klausa Relatif dengan Pronomina Relatif sebagai Subyek


belajar bahasa inggris tentang pronomina relatif sebagai subyek, belajar bahasa inggris relative clauses in the subject pattern, belajar bahasa inggris seputar relative pronouns as subjects, belajar bahasa inggris membahas pronomina relatif sebagai subyek, belajar bahasa inggris mengulas relative pronouns as subjects, pronomina relatif sebagai subyek jadi bahasan belajar bahasa inggris, relative pronouns as subjects jadi ulasan belajar bahasa inggris, belajar bahasa inggris klausa relatif pola subyek
Sumber: www.Google.co.id/gambar/relative clauses



Ada jenis klausa relatif yang berbeda. Dalam setiap jenis yang berbeda, pronomina relatif memiliki fungsi yang berbeda. Ia mungkin sebagai subyek atau obyek dalam klausanya sendiri, atau ia mungkin mengganti kata posesif. Belajar Bahasa Inggris masih seputar klausa relatif dengan fokus pronomina relatif sebagai subyek.

Belajar Bahasa Inggris tentang Relative Pronouns as Subjects


Pronomina relatif mungkin sebagai subyek dari klausanya sendiri. Klausa relatif pola subyek dibentuk sebagai berikut:

     who
     which  + verb  + complement
     that

Contoh:
Football, which is the most popular American sport, began at Harvard University.

Pelajari contoh-contoh berikut untuk melihat bagaimana kalimat a dan b dalam setiap pasangan digabung untuk membentuk kalimat baru c, yang mengandung klausa relatif pola subyek. Subyek dalam kalimat b, yang berubah ke dalam pronomina relatif, dicoret mendatar. Perhatikan bagaimana that digunakan hanya dalam klausa restriktif.

RELATIVE PRONOUNS FOR HUMANS
Restrictive: who, that
1. a. People save time and energy.
   b. They use microwave ovens.
   c. People who use microwave ovens save time and energy.
      People that use microwave ovens save time and energy. (informal)

Nonrestrictive: who
2. a. Microwave cooking is not popular with most professional chefs.
   b. Professional chefs say that fast cooking doesn't allow flavors to blend.
   c. Microwave cooking is not popular with most professional chefs, who say that fast cooking doesn't allow flavors to blend.

RELATIVE PRONOUNS FOR NON-HUMANS/THINGS
Restrictive: that
3. a. Ovens are capable of cooking food quickly.
   b. They use microwave energy.
   c. Ovens that use microwave energy are capable of cooking food quickly.

Nonrestrictive: which
4. a. An electron tube on the oven produces microwaves.
   b. Microwaves cook by *agitating the water molecules in food.
   c. An electron tube on the oven produces microwaves, which cook by agitating the water molecules in food.

*agitating: moving very quickly

Berikut sebuah video untuk ditonton.

Belajar Bahasa Inggris memasuki sesi Latihan

PRACTICE: Relative Pronouns as Subjects
PERINTAH:
Combine the two sentences in each pair to make a new complex sentence containing a relative clause in the subject pattern. Follow these steps:

STEP 1: Change the subject of the second sentence to a relative pronoun. Use who, which, or that as appropriate.
STEP 2: Combine the two sentences, placing the relative clause as close to its antecedent as possible.
STEP 3: Add commas if the relative clause is nonrestrictive.

1. John Fish explained the complex structure of DNA. He is a research chemist.
   _________________________________________________________________________________
2. While he lectured, he showed us a slide. The slide diagrammed the double helix structure of DNA.
   _________________________________________________________________________________
3. Words in English are often difficult for foreigners to pronounce. They begin with the consonants th.
   _________________________________________________________________________________
4. Foreigners also have difficulty with English spelling. English spelling is not always consistent with its pronunciation.
   _________________________________________________________________________________
5. Anyone must have a logical mind. He or she wants to be a computer programmer.
   _________________________________________________________________________________
6. Fans quickly lose interest in a sport team. The team loses game after game.
   _________________________________________________________________________________

Setelah membaca ulasan ini semoga Anda menjadi pembelajar Bahasa Inggris yang cakap menggunakan klausa relatif dengan pronomina relatif sebagai subyek.

Sesi belajar Bahasa Inggris dengan ulasan klausa relatif dengan pronomina relatif sebagai subyek kita sudahi sampai di sini dulu. Ojo lali menyimak ulasan belajar Bahasa Inggris berikutnya.

Follow Twitter Saya: @baryzin
Fans Page Saya: @EnglishKito

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Jumat, 06 Mei 2016

Published 09.43 by with 0 comment

Lebih Dekat dengan Relative Clauses Bahasa Inggris

Belajar Bahasa Inggris Relative Clauses


Learning English about Relative Clauses, belajar relative clauses bahasa inggris, belajar klausa relatif bahasa inggris, belajar bahasa inggris tentang relative clauses, belajar bahasa inggris perihal klausa relatif, belajar bahasa inggris seputar relative clauses, belajar bahasa inggris seputar klausa relatif, belajar bahasa inggris tentang klausa adjektiva, belajar bahasa inggris tentang adjective clauses, belajar bahasa inggris membahas relative clauses, belajar bahasa inggris mengulas klausa relatif, lebih dekat dengan relative clauses jadi bahasan belajar bahasa inggris

Sumber: www.Google.co.id/Gambar/Relative Clauses


Apa itu Relative Clauses?

Relative Clause. Relative clause adalah klausa dependen yang berfungsi sebagai adjektiva; oleh karenanya, ia menerangkan nomina atau pronomina. Untuk alasan ini, klausa relatif juga disebut klausa adjektiva.

   The first American thanksgiving feast, which took place in 1621, lasted three days.
   Everyone who studied for the exam passed it easily.

Dalam kalimat pertama, klausa dependen which took place in 1621 adalah klausa relatif yang menerangkan frasa nomina the first American thanksgiving feast. Frasa nomina ini adalah anteseden dari klausa relatif.

Lalu apa klausa relatif dalam kalimat kedua? Apa antesedennya? Apakah antesedennya nomina atau pronomina?

Klausa relatifnya adalah who studied for the exam
Antesedennya adalah everyone yang berupa pronomina.

Baca juga:  Klausa Relatif Pola Obyek atau Klausa Relatif dengan Pronomina Relatif sebagai Obyek.

Relative Pronouns and Adverbs

Klausa relatif mulai dengan pronomina relatif atau adverbia relatif.

Pronomina      who, whom, whose, that         merujuk ke manusia
                          which, that, whose                  merujuk ke bukan manusia dan benda


Adverbia           when, where                          merujuk ke waktu atau tempat

Position of Relative Clauses

Tempatkan klausa relatif setelah antesedennya dan sedekat mungkin kepada anteseden tersebut untuk menghindari kebingungan.

Confusing:
He left the gift in his friend's car that he had just bought.
(Ini tidak jelas apakah klausa relatif menerangkan car atau gift.)

Corrected:
He left the gift that he had just bought in his friend's car.
(Klausa relatif dengan jelas menerangkan gift.)

Kadang-kadang, frasa preposisi hadir antara anteseden dan klausa relatif.

    Manarung was visited by a friend from San Juan who was touring the country.
   Try writing a sentence of your own that contains a relative clause.

Verb Agreement in Relative Clauses

Verba dalam klausa relatif seharusnya berkesesuaian dalam jumlah dengan antesedennya. Bandingkan:
  
   A person who works part-time usually receives no benefits.
   (Verba works bentuk singular untuk berkesesuaian dengan anteseden singular person.)

   People who work part-time usually receive no benefits.
   (Verba work bentuk plural untuk berkesesuaian dengan anteseden plural people.)

Punctuation of Relative Clauses

Klausa relatif bisa salah satu restrictive (necessary) atau nonrestrictive (unnecessary). Klausa restriktif penting dan sangat diperlukan karena ia memberi identitas antesedennya demi pembaca. Jangan gunakan koma dengan klausa restriktif. Istilah restrictive kadang-kadang dikenal dengan istilah defining dan nonrestrictive dengan istilah non-defining.

   The professor who teaches my biology class won a Nobel Prize two years ago.
   (Profesor yang mana yang memenangkan Hadiah Nobel dua tahun yang lalu? Klausa who teaches my biology class sangat diperlukan untuk mengidentifikasi sang profesor.)

   He won the prize for research that might lead to a cure for AIDS.
   (Untuk riset yang mana dia memenangkan hadiah? Kita memerlukan klausa that might lead to a cure for AIDS untuk memberitahu kita.)

Klausa nonrestriktif tidak begitu diperlukan untuk memberi identitas antesedennya; ia hanya memberi pembaca beberapa informasi tambahan. Karena ia dapat dihilangkan tanpa mengurangi makna, pisahkan ia (nonrestrictive clause) dari sisa kalimat dengan koma.

   Professor Jones, who teaches my biology class, won a Nobel Prize two years ago.
   (Orang yang memenamgkan Hadiah Nobel diidentifikasi oleh namanya, sehingga klausa who teaches my biology class adalah tambahan, informasi yang tak begitu diperlukan tentang Professor Jones. Jika ia dihilangkan, kita masih akan tahu orang yang mana yang memenangkan Hadiah Nobel.)

   He won the prize for his research into the structure of T-cells, which might lead to a cure for AIDS.
  (Kita telah tahu untuk riset yang mana dia memenangkan hadiah: his research into the structure of T-cells. Informasi which might lead to a cure for AIDS tak begitu diperlukan untuk mengidentifikasi riset; ia hanya memberi kita informasi tambahan tentang riset.)

Untuk melengkapi materi tulisan ini berikut disertakan sebuah video. Selamat menonton.

Belajar Bahasa Inggris memasuki Latihan

PRACTICE: Restrictive and Nonrestrictive Clauses
STEP 1: Underline the relative clause or clauses in each sentence. (Some sentences have two.)
STEP 2: In the parentheses, write R for a restrictive and NR for a nonrestrictive clause.
STEP 3: Add commas to the nonrestrictive clauses.

Example
(R)   Families whose incomes are below a certain level pay no income tax.
(NR)  My family, whose income is more than $50,000, pays about 25 percent income tax.

(   ) 1. The sun which in forty minutes can produce enough solar energy to meet humankind's needs for a year is one of Earth's potential sources of power.
(   ) 2. According to an article that appeared in Time magazine we are at the beginning of a medical computer revolution.
(   ) 3. A medical computer is a machine that analyzes the results of laboratory tests and electrocardiograms.
(   ) 4. Laser beams which are useful in both medicine and industry were first predicted in science fiction stories seventy-five years ago.
(   ) 5. Physicians who feed patient symptoms into the computer receive a list of diseases that fit the symptoms of their patients.
(   ) 6. The country that has the highest per capita income is not the United States which is in third place.
(   ) 7. Kuwait which is a small country in the Middle East is in the place.
(   ) 8. It was a thrilling experience to meet the author of the book that we had been reading all semester.
(   ) 9. The public is highly critical of the tobacco industry whose profits have been increasing in spite of the health ricks of smoking.
(   ) 10. Carbohydrates which are composed of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen are organic compounds.
(   ) 11. People who use body language to express themselves are interesting to watch.
(   ) 12. My brother-in-law who is from Italy moves his hands a lot when he is talking.
(   ) 13. The man whom my sister married is Italian; he uses his hands as much as he uses his mouth to communicate.
(   ) 14. X-ray machines are gradually being replaced by machines that can provide clearer, more detailed images of the human body, its tissues, and its organs.
(   ) 15. X-ray machines are gradually replaced by CAT scanners and MRI devices which can provide clearer, more detailed images of the human body, its tissues, and its organs.
(   ) 16. The company promised to reimburse everyone who had bought a detective product.
(   ) 17. Students whose grade point averages fall below 2.0 will be placed on probation.
(   ) 18. She plans to marry her childhood sweetheart whom she has known since they were five years old.
(   ) 19. The Republican party whose goal is to win the election accused the Democrats of using fund-raising practices that are unethical and possibly illegal.
(   ) 20. My English teacher enjoys novels that combine history and fiction; Pillars of Stone which tells about the construction of the great Gothic cathedrals in Europe during the Middle Ages is one of her favorites.

Belajar Bahasa Inggris tentang 'lebih dekat dengan Relative Clauses' telah kita ulas bersama. Setelah membaca ulasan ini semoga Anda menjadi pembelajar Bahasa Inggris yang cakap menggunakan klausa relatif. Amin.

Sesi belajar Bahasa Inggris dengan ulasan 'lebih dekat dengan klausa relatif' kita sudahi sampai di sini dulu. Ojo lali menyimak ulasan belajar Bahasa Inggris berikutnya. Tetap semangat! Keep moving on!

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